解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Chromosome replication occurs precisely once during the cell cycle of almost all eukaryotic cells, and is a highly complex process that is still understood relatively poorly. Two conserved kinases called Cdc7 (cell division cycle 7) and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) are required to establish replication forks during t...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1101/gad.1933010
更新日期:2010-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Transcription factors represent one of the largest groups of proteins regulated by SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier) modification, and their sumoylation is usually associated with transcriptional repression. To investigate whether sumoylation plays a general role in regulating transcription in yeast, we determined ...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1917910
更新日期:2010-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::SpoIIIE is an FtsK-related protein that transports the forespore chromosome across the Bacillus subtilis sporulation septum. We use membrane photobleaching and protoplast assays to demonstrate that SpoIIIE is required for septal membrane fission in the presence of trapped DNA, and that DNA is transported across separa...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1925210
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::VASA is an evolutionarily conserved RNA helicase essential for germ cell development. The mouse PIWI family proteins MILI and MIWI2 are involved in production of Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) in fetal male germ cells through a ping-pong amplification cycle. Expression of retrotransposons is elevated in MILI- and MIWI...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1902110
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epigenetic modifications of chromatin play an important role in the regulation of gene expression. KMT4/Dot1 is a conserved histone methyltransferase capable of methylating chromatin on Lys79 of histone H3 (H3K79). Here we report the identification of a multisubunit Dot1 complex (DotCom), which includes several of the...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1898410
更新日期:2010-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Children with trisomy 21/Down syndrome (DS) are at high risk to develop acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (DS-AMKL) and the related transient leukemia (DS-TL). The factors on human chromosome 21 (Hsa21) that confer this predisposing effect, especially in synergy with consistently mutated transcription factor GATA1 (GATA...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1856210
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cJun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1) is implicated in diet-induced obesity. Indeed, germline ablation of the murine Jnk1 gene prevents diet-induced obesity. Here we demonstrate that selective deficiency of JNK1 in the murine nervous system is sufficient to suppress diet-induced obesity. The failure to increase body mas...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1878510
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chromatin reorganization is essential for transcriptional control by sequence-specific transcription factors. However, the molecular link between transcriptional control and chromatin reconfiguration remains unclear. By colocalization of the nuclear ecdysone receptor (EcR) on the ecdysone-induced puff in the salivary ...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1857410
更新日期:2010-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The ultraviolet (UV)-induced (6-4) pyrimidine-pyrimidone photoproduct [(6-4) PP] confers a large structural distortion in DNA. Here we examine in human cells the roles of translesion synthesis (TLS) DNA polymerases (Pols) in promoting replication through a (6-4) TT photoproduct carried on a duplex plasmid where bidire...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1872810
更新日期:2010-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Although the transporter-like protein Patched (Ptc) is genetically implicated in reception of the extracellular Hedgehog (Hh) protein signal, a clear definition of the Hh receptor is complicated by the existence of additional Hh-binding proteins and, in Drosophila, by the lack of physical evidence for direct binding o...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1870310
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spindle checkpoint silencing is a critical step during mitosis that initiates chromosome segregation, yet surprisingly little is known about its mechanism. Protein phosphatase I (PP1) was shown recently to be a key player in this process, and in this issue of Genes & Deverlopment, Akiyoshi and colleagues (pp. 2887-289...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1101/gad.1882109
更新日期:2009-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Most eukaryotic mRNAs are translated using a cap-dependent mechanism of translation. However, approximately 10% of mammalian mRNAs initiate translation using a cap-independent mechanism that is not well understood. These mRNAs contain an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) located in the 5' untranslated region. The cr...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1832209
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA loops that juxtapose the promoter and terminator regions of RNA polymerase II-transcribed genes have been identified in yeast and mammalian cells. Loop formation is transcription-dependent and requires components of the pre-mRNA 3'-end processing machinery. Here we report that looping at the yeast GAL10 gene persi...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1823609
更新日期:2009-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::In Xenopus embryos, a dorsal-ventral patterning gradient is generated by diffusing Chordin/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) complexes cleaved by BMP1/Tolloid metalloproteinases in the ventral side. We developed a new BMP1/Tolloid assay using a fluorogenic Chordin peptide substrate and identified an unexpected negative...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1839309
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gut homeostasis is controlled by both immune and developmental mechanisms, and its disruption can lead to inflammatory disorders or cancerous lesions of the intestine. While the impact of bacteria on the mucosal immune system is beginning to be precisely understood, little is known about the effects of bacteria on gut...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1827009
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuronal depolarization and CaM kinase IV signaling alter the splicing of multiple exons in transcripts for ion channels, neurotransmitter receptors, and other synaptic proteins. These splicing changes are mediated in part by special CaM kinase-responsive RNA elements, within or adjacent to exons that are repressed in...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1837009
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intracellular heme levels must be tightly regulated to maintain proper mitochondrial respiration while minimizing toxicity, but the homeostatic mechanisms are not well understood. Here we report a novel negative feedback mechanism whereby the nuclear heme receptor Rev-erbalpha tightly controls the level of its own lig...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1825809
更新日期:2009-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Bone metastases are the most common skeletal complication of malignancy. Tumor cells disrupt normal bone remodeling to promote bone destruction and its associated morbidity. In the August 15, 2009, issue of Genes & Development, Lu and colleagues (pp. 1882-1894) propose a novel molecular mechanism by which tumor-produc...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1854909
更新日期:2009-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Many bacterial small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) pair with mRNA targets, stimulating or inhibiting mRNA stability and/or translation. Regulation of these sRNAs is usually due to tight transcriptional regulation of synthesis.In this issue of Genes & Development and a related paper in Molecular Microbiology, Figueroa-Bossi ...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1846609
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A relevant, yet little recognized feature of antisense regulation is the possibility of switching roles between regulatory and regulated RNAs. Here we show that induction of a Salmonella gene relies on the conversion of a small RNA from effector to regulatory target. The chiP gene (formerly ybfM), identified and chara...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.541609
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stem cells do not all respond the same way, but the mechanisms underlying this heterogeneity are not well understood. Here, we found that expression of Hes1 and its downstream genes oscillate in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. Those expressing low and high levels of Hes1 tended to differentiate into neural and mesode...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1823109
更新日期:2009-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Two recent reports, including one by Reinders and colleagues (pp. 939-950) in the April 15, 2009, issue of Genes & Development, describe the construction of Arabidopsis recombinant inbred populations that maximize epigenetic rather than genetic variation. The distribution and behavior of phenotypic variation in these ...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1824909
更新日期:2009-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::The abundance of retinoic acid (RA) is determined by the balance between its synthesis by retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH) and its degradation by CYP26. In particular, the dynamic expression of three CYP26 genes controls the regional level of RA within the body. Pregastrulation mouse embryos express CYP26 but not R...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1776209
更新日期:2009-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Sequence-specific DNA-binding activators, key regulators of gene expression, stimulate transcription in part by targeting the core promoter recognition TFIID complex and aiding in its recruitment to promoter DNA. Although it has been established that activators can interact with multiple components of TFIID, it is unk...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1790709
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unrepaired DNA lesions in the template strand block the replication fork. In yeast, Mec1 protein kinase-mediated replication checkpoint prevents the breakdown of replication forks and maintains viability in DNA-damaged cells going through the S phase. By ensuring that the replisome does not dissociate from the fork st...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1793409
更新日期:2009-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Oligophrenin-1 (OPHN1) encodes a Rho-GTPase-activating protein (Rho-GAP) whose loss of function has been associated with X-linked mental retardation (MR). The pathophysiological role of OPHN1, however, remains poorly understood. Here we show that OPHN1 through its Rho-GAP activity plays a critical role in the activity...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1783809
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ectopic repression of retinoic acid (RA) receptor target genes by PML/RARA and PLZF/RARA fusion proteins through aberrant recruitment of nuclear corepressor complexes drives cellular transformation and acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) development. In the case of PML/RARA, this repression can be reversed through trea...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.512009
更新日期:2009-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Persistent DNA double-strand breaks and telomeres represent genomic hazards, as they can instigate inappropriate repair reactions. Two recent papers by Oza and colleagues (pp. 912-917) and Schober and colleagues (pp. 928-938) show that both types of DNA ends are sequestered from bulk DNA by Mps3, a SUN domain protein ...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1805309
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unusually for a eukaryote, genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II (pol II) in Trypanosoma brucei are arranged in polycistronic transcription units. With one exception, no pol II promoter motifs have been identified, and how transcription is initiated remains an enigma. T. brucei has four histone variants: H2AZ, H2BV, ...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1790409
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proliferation of pancreatic islet beta cells is an important mechanism for self-renewal and for adaptive islet expansion. Increased expression of the Ink4a/Arf locus, which encodes the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16(INK4a) and tumor suppressor p19(Arf), limits beta-cell regeneration in aging mice, but the basis...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1742509
更新日期:2009-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::The transcription factor NF-kappaB is a critical regulator of inflammatory and cell survival signals. Proteasomal degradation of NF-kappaB subunits plays an important role in the termination of NF-kappaB activity, and at least one of the identified ubiquitin ligases is a multimeric complex containing Copper Metabolism...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1748409
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Post-translational processes are essential for the generation and dynamics of mammalian circadian rhythms. In particular, phosphorylation of the key circadian protein PER2 precisely controls the period and phase of circadian oscillations. However, the mechanisms underlying that control are poorly understood. Here, we ...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.512209
更新日期:2009-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::In many species, a dosage compensation complex (DCC) is targeted to X chromosomes of one sex to equalize levels of X-gene products between males (1X) and females (2X). Here we identify cis-acting regulatory elements that target the Caenorhabditis elegans X chromosome for repression by the DCC. The DCC binds to discret...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1751109
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Members of the metazoan nuclear receptor superfamily regulate gene expression programs in response to binding of cognate lipophilic ligands. Evolutionary studies using bioinformatics tools have concluded that lower eukaryotes, such as fungi, lack nuclear receptor homologs. Here we review recent discoveries suggesting ...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1101/gad.1743009
更新日期:2009-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Asymmetric localization of cell fate determinants is a crucial step in neuroblast asymmetric divisions. Whereas several protein kinases have been shown to mediate this process, no protein phosphatase has so far been implicated. In a clonal screen of larval neuroblasts we identified the evolutionarily conserved Protein...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1723609
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studying the early stages of cancer can provide important insight into the molecular basis of the disease. We identified a preneoplastic stage in the patched (ptc) mutant mouse, a model for the brain tumor medulloblastoma. Preneoplastic cells (PNCs) are found in most ptc mutants during early adulthood, but only 15% of...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1759909
更新日期:2009-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Riboswitches are RNA elements that undergo a shift in structure in response to binding of a regulatory molecule. These elements are encoded within the transcript they regulate, and act in cis to control expression of the coding sequence(s) within that transcript; their function is therefore distinct from that of small...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1101/gad.1747308
更新日期:2008-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::An RNA-based gene silencing pathway that protects bacteria and archaea from viruses and other genome invaders is hypothesized to arise from guide RNAs encoded by CRISPR loci and proteins encoded by the cas genes. CRISPR loci contain multiple short invader-derived sequences separated by short repeats. The presence of v...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.1742908
更新日期:2008-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::The superoxide radical (O(2)(-)) has long been considered a major cause of aging. O(2)(-) in cytosolic, extracellular, and mitochondrial pools is detoxified by dedicated superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoforms. We tested the impact of each SOD isoform in Caenorhabditis elegans by manipulating its five sod genes and saw no...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gad.504808
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cohesin is a chromosome-associated multisubunit protein complex that is highly conserved in eukaryotes and has close homologs in bacteria. Cohesin mediates cohesion between replicated sister chromatids and is therefore essential for chromosome segregation in dividing cells. Cohesin is also required for efficient repai...
journal_title:Genes & development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1101/gad.1724308
更新日期:2008-11-15 00:00:00